Σχέση Αντιληπτικών και Κινητικών Ικανοτήτων με Βασικές Δεξιότητες Καλαθοσφαίρισης σε Παιδιά Ηλικίας 8-13 Ετών

Στεφανία Παυλίδου, Μαρία Μιχαλοπούλου, Νικόλαος Αγγελούσης, & Ευθύμιος Κιουμουρτζόγλου

ΤΕΦΑΑ, Δημοκρίτειο Πανεπιστήμιο Θράκης

Περίληψη

Σκοπός της παρούσας έρευνας ήταν να εξετάσει τις διαφορές αντιληπτικών και κινητικών ικανοτήτων σε 60 παιδιά ηλικίας 8-13 ετών (M=10.43±1.63 έτη) και να εντοπίσει την πιθανή σχέση των ικανοτήτων αυτών με την απόδοση σε βασικές δεξιότητες καλαθοσφαίρισης. Οι αντιληπτικές ικανότητες που αξιολογήθηκαν ήταν ο απλός χρόνος αντίδρασης, ο χρόνος αντίδρασης ολόκληρου του σώματος, η αντίληψη βάθους και η ικανότητα σύμπτωσης, ενώ οι κινητικές ικανότητες ήταν η δυναμική ισορροπία, η επιδεξιότητα καρπού-δακτύλων, η κιναίσθηση και ο χρόνος κίνησης ολόκληρου του σώματος. Για την αξιολόγηση της απόδοσης σε καλαθοσφαιρικές δεξιότητες χρησιμοποιήθηκε το τεστ καλαθοσφαίρισης για παιδιά της AAHPERD για την πάσα, τη ντρίμπλα και το σουτ. Σύμφωνα με τα αποτελέσματα, η ηλικία είχε σημαντική επίδραση στις περισσότερες από τις ικανότητες που αξιολογήθηκαν (p<.05). Όσον αφορά τη σχέση ικανοτήτων και δεξιοτήτων καλαθοσφαίρισης, η επιδεξιότητα καρπού-δακτύλων, ο χρόνος αντίδρασης και ο χρόνος κίνησης ολόκληρου του σώματος βρέθηκε ότι σχετίζονται σημαντικά με την απόδοση στις καλαθοσφαιρικές δεξιότητες (p<.05) σε όλες τις ηλικιακές ομάδες.Επιπλέον, η κιναισθητική ικανότητα σχετίστηκε κυρίως με την απόδοση στις δεξιότητες της ντρίμπλας και του σουτ (p<.05), ενώ η αντίληψη βάθους σχετίστηκε σημαντικά με την απόδοση στο σουτ (p<.05). Τα ευρήματα αυτά μπορούν να συμβάλλουν σημαντικά στον εντοπισμό των πηγών των τεχνικών προβλημάτων που εμφανίζονται κατά την εκτέλεση δεξιοτήτων, αλλά και στην αντιμετώπιση τους μέσω της εξάσκησης.

Λέξεις κλειδιά: χρόνος αντίδρασης, ικανότητα σύμπτωσης, αντίληψη βάθους, δυναμική ισορροπία, επιδεξιότητα καρπου-δακτύλων, χρόνος κίνησης, κιναίσθηση, καλαθοσφαίριση, ηλικία.

The Effect of Two Different Methods of Feedback in Qualitative and Quantitative Characteristics of Forehand Clear service in Badminton

Panagiotis Kazakas, Evaggelia Gantiraga, & Christos Papadopoulos

Laboratory of Biomechanics

Department of Physical Education & Sport Science, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Serres, Hellas

Abstract

The purpose of the present study was to investigate the changes in kinematic, and dynamic characteris- tics and also the accuracy of the service of forehand clear service, after the combined use of observational learning and verbal feedback during the skill acquisition. Twenty-one amateur badminton athletes partici- pated in the study (age 11.4 ± 0.3 years, body mass: 46±0,2 kg and height 155 ±2.75 cm). They were separated in three groups comparable to number of participants and accuracy performance of service: Learning of Observation group with verbal instructions (L.O.G.), Verbal Feedback group (V.F.G.) and control group (C.G.). For the evaluation of accuracy the “ French forehand clear service Test ” (1941) was used. The athletes followed an 8-week program with 45 minutes sessions twice per week. Fifteen points in the kinetic system were studied. Variables related to displacement, velocity, vertical max force and the accuracy was evaluated. The results showed that for some variables there were statistically significant differences between the experimental groups and the control group for the factor time and for the group factor. The L.O.G. group presented changes in the kinematic characteristics of the forehand clear service in the linear displacement of raquet in the (y) axis in third phase of movement (DRAKy3), as well as in the linear speed of the raquet (BRAKZ 2) in the vertical axis (z) in the second phase of movement, while it also showed improvement in the accuracy of the particular service.

Key words: badminton, kinematic analysis, dynamic analysis, feedback, observational learning.

Traditional Dance in Drama Region (Northern Greece): Ethnographic Data and Rhytmical and Movement Analysis

Christos Papakostas1, Ioannis Prantsidis2, & Elizana Polatou1

1Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Thessaly, Trikala, Hellas

2Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Hellas

Abstract

The literature for the folk culture and more specifically for the dance in the region of Dramas is rela- tively limited regarding mainly the rituals of the Epiphany’s period (Theofania). In the present work the dance is examined in a more general frame and not only in combination with rituals. In the analysis of dancing repertory are also included reports in dances that are mainly met in the wider Eastern ‘s Macedonian territory. In general, the dances in Drama’s region might be distinguished in circular and face-to-face dances. The main particularity of these dances is that the form of dance can be transformed depending on the space. In open space certain dances are danced circularly, while in closed they are danced as face-to-face. In addition, the article provides rhythmical and movement analysis. Dances were selected using the criterion of diversity as for the form, the rhythm and the dancing motif.

Keywords: Eastern Macedonia, movement ethnography, fieldwork, dance transcription, education

Evaluation of Biomechanical Characteristics of Bilateral Landing in Children with Different Levels of Coordination

Ermioni Katartzi, Eyaggelia Gantiraga, Fotini Arabatzi, & Christos Papadopoulos

Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Serres, Hellas

Abstract

The purpose of the present study was a) to study the biomechanical characteristics (kinetic and kinemat- ics) which influence the amplitude of maximum vertical ground reaction force (Fzmax), in bilateral landings in children and b) to examine differences in the kinetic and kinematic characteristics of bilateral landing from 20 cm height, among children with different levels of motor coordination. The Μovement Assessment Bat- tery for Children (Henderson & Sugden, 1992) was used to assess the coordination level in 35 children (7-9 years old). Nine children (n=9) were reported to have motor coordination problems and formed the motor coordination problems group (MCPG, Body weight: 37.22 ± 6.3 Kg, Body height: 142.22 ± 3.46 cm). Additionally, 9 children with typical coordination comprised the control group (CG, Body weight: 35.83 ± 7.9 Kg, Body height: 141.44 ± 7.67 cm). Groups were videotaped (Panasonic PV-900, 60 Hz) performing bilateral landings, dropping from 20 cm height, on a Kistler force platform (Type 9281CA, 1000Hz). The following kinetic and kinematic variables were assessed: vertical ground reaction force at first contact normalized to body weight, (ΣΔ1= Fz-1 / BW), maximum vertical ground reaction force normalized to body weight, (ΣΔmax = Fzmax / BW), time for the ground reaction force to reach peak Fzmax, (tFzmax), landing time (tland), joint range of motion at ankle (Δφankle), knee (Δφknee) and hip (Δφhip). Pearson’s correlation analysis showed significant negative correlations between ΣΔmax and tFzmax and tland (p < .05), respectively, but significant positive correlations between tland and Δφknee and Δφhip, (p < .001), repectively. Multiple regression analysis was used to pre- dict the maximal vertical ground reaction force by the other variables and the independent samples t-test to examine differences between groups, for all dependent variables (p<.05). According to regression analysis, results showed that no model used, was able to effectively predict ΣΔmax. However, the negative correlation found between variables and ΣΔmax showed that high values of ΣΔmax correlated with short tFzmax and limited range of motion in the knee joint (Δφknee) Independent samples t-test showed significant effects of the group factor on ΣΔmax (p=.04), tland (p=.001) and Δφknee (p=.03). In conclusion children with motor coordination problems performed less safe landings, characterized by high vertical ground reaction forces, short landing times and limited knee joint range of motion. Results may be useful in the design of effective programs for the development of landing skill, both in school and sport club settings.

Keywords: physical awkwardness, bilateral landing pattern form height, vertical ground reaction force, landing time, joint range of motion.